Relay



Demo 1 9 E9230 1 47 51 H. W. NECHOLS RELAY F1166? April 16 1920 /r2 van for Ham/c2 W. Niche/5.

Patented Dec. 18, 1923.

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HARQLD W. NICHOLS, 0F MAPLEWOQD, NEW JERSEY, 'ASSIGNGR T0 wnsrmm ELEC- TRIS COMPANY, INCORIPORATED, OF NEW YO, Iii. 1 A CORPUEAIIQN 071 NEW nnna'r.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HAROLD W. NIoHoLs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Maplewood, inthe county ofEssex and State 6 of New Jersey, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Relays, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description.

This invention relates in general to electromagnetic devices and particularly to relays of the type used intelegraphic systems. The object of the invention is to. provide a simple and positive method and system for operating relays of the polarized and alternating current types.

Such relays comprise an armature adapted to be electromagnetically energized and two electrom'a etic poles which influence the armature in alternate ways depending upon the character of the current impulses applied.

In accordance with this invention the windings are normally not energized. When line impulses are impressed onithe line, such impulses are relayed to the armature winding and to one or the other of the pole electromagncts depending upon the polarity of the current impulse. The relayed impulses. are of uniform polarity so the same polarity.

In its application to A. C. relays, one of the poleelectromagnet windings is reversed so th'at' one pole, when energized, always repels the arnntture while the other pole when energized, always attracts the armature. Thus the armature is influenced always to swing in the same direction regardless of the polarity of the line impulse.

By virtue of the fact that the windings of the relayare normally not energized, the armature may be bi'ased by means of a very weak spring. Speed of operation and freedom from chattering on contacts are thereby 7 obtained.

In the invention in its preferred form, the means employed for-relaying the impulses consists of a pair ot-blocked thermionic repeaters, which are preferred for the purpose because of their positive and immediate that whenevemenergized, the armature has rent relays. In the various figures, similar reference characters refer to similar parts.

In Fig. 1, a pair of electromagnet windings 1, 2 are supported by a core of magnetic material having poles 3 and 4:. The core supports an armature 6 which is adapted to swing between the poles 3 and 1. The

armature 6 is adapted to be electromagneticallyenergized by the winding 5. A coil spring 7 biases the armature 6"to stand in a neutral position between contacts 8 and 9.

Two thermionic repeaters 10 and 11 are provided and are connected so that winding 1 is in the plate circuit of the repeater 10 and winding 2 is in the plate circuit of repeater 11. The winding 5 is connected in the common return of the plate circuits of repeaters 10 and 11.

The line 12 and 13 on whichthe line impulses are to be impressed is shunted by a resistance 14:. The gridcircuits of repeaters 10 and 11 are bridged across the resistance 14 so that the impulses impressed on the line 12, 13 are adapted to produce charges in the grids of the repeaters 10 and 11. Batteries 17 are provided to heat the filaments of the repeaters 10 and 11. A source of direct current 16 is provided in the common branch of the plate circuits of the repeaters 10 and 11, but no current flows in these circuits because of the negative charges on the grids set up by the source of direct current 15.

When a positive impulse is impressed on the line 13, the grid of repeater 11 is charged less negatively and the id of repeater 10 is charged more negatively than under normal conditions. This allows a flow of current in the plate circuit of repeater 11 and consequently, the windings 2 and 5 are energized whereby the armature 6 and the pole at attract each other and con tact is made between the armature 6 and the contact 9. No current flows in the plate circuit of repeater 10 since it is blocked by the negative charge of the grid. lVhen a negative impulse is impressed on the line 13, the grid of repeater 11 becomes more negatively charged and the grid of repeater 10 becomes less negatively charged. A flow of current results in the plate circuit of repeater 10 whereby the windings 1 and 5 become energized and the armature 6 is attracted toward the pole 3 making contact with the contact 8. No current will flow in the plate circuit of repeater 11 on account of the negative charge on the corresponding grid.

Since current can How in only one direction through the plate circuits of the repeaters 10 and 11, the armature 6 is energized always to be of the same polarity as is also the case of the poles 3 and a.

Fig. 2 shows a similar arrangement in which alternating current is used as the current supply for energizing the wind ings 1, 2 and 5. A transformer 19 is provided in which the secondary winding is connected, half in the plate circuit of the repeater 10 and half in the plate circuit of the repeater 11 and whose primary is connected to a source 18 of high frequency alternating current. One half the wave is thus used for energizing the winding 1, and the other half of the wave is used to encrgize the winding 2. The circuit arrangement being, in effect, a rectifing means, the winding 5 is energized similarly by both halves of the current wave. )1. condenser 22 may be connected across the secondary winding of the transformer 19 to supply the momentary deficiency of current due to the alternations.

Fig. 3 shows an arrangement similar to that of Fig. 1, which adapts the relay to be usedv as an alternating current relay. 'lhe winding 20 is reversed so that the poles 3 and 4: when energized are 0-5 opposite polarity. A transformer 21 may be substituted for the resistance 14: bridging the primary across the line 12, 13 and differentially connecting the secondary in the grid circuits of the repeaters 10 and 11. The winding 1, when energized under the influence of one half the Wave impressed. [he line 12 and 13, energizes the pole 3 positively. Winding 20, under the influence or t e other half of the alternating current pressed on the line 1., and 13, energ the pole l negatively. Both halves the al.- ternating current impressed, ene winding 5 to magnetize the armature positively. Thus, the pale 3 me an raraosi mature 6 are energized they repel each other so that armature 6 and contact 9 contact. hen the pole 4 and the armature 6 are magnetized they'attract each other also to make contact between the armature 6 and contact 9. The armature 6, therefore, responds in'only one direction to alternating current impressed on the line.

Fig. 4 shows an arrangement similar to Fig. 3'for operating the relayby alternating current, but uses a source of alternating current 18 instead of the source of direct current 16 for energizing the relay windings. The alternating current source 18 is applied in a manner similar to the way in which it is applied'in Fig. 2.

What is claimedis: w

1. In a signaling system, a biased arnizn tnre, means for polarizing said armature, two operating windings arranged to cooperate with said armature so as to eiiect its actuation, a signaling path, means for energizing one of said operating windings only upon the receipt of positive current impulses, and means for energizing the other of said operating windings only upon the receipt of negative current impulses.

2. In a signaling system, a biased armature, two operating windings arranged to cooperate with said armature so as to effect its actuation, a third winding for polarizing said armature, a signaling path, means for energizing one of said operating windings only upon the receipt of positive current impulses, and means for energizing the other of said operating windings only upon the receipt or negative current impulses.

3. in a signaling system, a signaling path two operating windings independently responsive to current impulse from said sig' naling path, and a biased polarized armature, said armature being actuated solely by the coaction ot the armature magnetic flux and the flux induced by said operating windings.

1. in a. signaling system, a signaling path, a plurality of operating windings cooperating with a biased electromagnetic armature. said armature being actuated solely by the coaction of the magnetic flux of said armature and the magnetic tlux induced by said operating windings, and relay means controlled by current impulses from said signaling path for energizing said armature and selectively energizing said operating windings depending upon the character of the current impulses.

l'n signaling system, a biasedarmm iure, direct current means for polarizing said armature. two operating windin arranged to cooperate with said arinat so as to effect its actuatioma signaling oath, means for energizing one of said o ing windings only upon the receipt oi? positive current impulses, and energizing the other of said operating wind ings only upon the receipt of negative current impulses.

6. In a system for operating a relay having a pair of operating windings adapted to influence an electromagnetic armature, a thermionic repeater cooperating-with each of said operating windings and adapted to relay impulses of current thereto and to the electromagnetic armature, and a 1 source of positive and negative current impulses selecti ely controlling the flow of current in both said thermionic repeaters.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day of April A. D, 1920.

HARULD W. NICHOLS. 

